Stud driving tool



Nov. 22, 1966 Filed Sept. 4, 1964 HANS-DIETER SEGHEZZI ETAL STUD DRIVING TOOL 4 Sheets-Sheet l aah.

ATTORNEYS STUD DRIVING TOOL 4 Sheets-Sheet Filed Sept. 4, 1964 INVENTORS /MNs- D/ T52 .Seal/Ezz/ W//v B01975095 2 BY 0MM,

ATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1966 HANS-DIETER SEGHl-:zzl ETAL 3,286,899

STUD DRIVING T001.

y4 Sheets-Sheet 5' Filed Sept. 4, 1964 INVENTORS HANS-DIETER .SEGA/' ZZ/ v EL w/A/ 50271566451? v ATTORNEYS Nov. 22, 1966 HANS-DIETER SEGHEZZI ETAL 3,286,899

STUD DRIVING TOOL Filed Sept. 4, 1964 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ATTORNEYS United States Patent O 3,286,899 STUD DRIVING TOOL Hans-Dieter Seghezzi, Vaduz, Liechtenstein, and Elwin Burtscher, Vorarlberg, Austria, assignors to Anstalt fur Montage-Technik, Vaduz, Liechtenstein Filed Sept. 4, 1964, Ser. No. 394,569 Claims priority, application Germany, Sept. 6, 1963, A 43,984 8 Claims. (Cl. 227-10) The present invention relates to stud-setting tools and more particularly to tools for driving anchoring means such as studs, bolts or the like into a solid material by. means of an explosive propellant, such as gun powder, for producing gases which acts on a thrust piston in a guide tube.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improved tool of the type indicated which may be loaded through a breech opening in one side and then closed by a breech block movable longitudinally of the tool.

Another object is to provide a tool of the type indicated in which the cartridge may be ired only after a breech block has been slid longitudinally to a tiring position to adapt the tool for studs of different length and insure engagement of the studs with the work before the cartridge is fired.

Still another object is to provide a tool of the type indicated which is of simple and compact construction to adapt it for economical manufacture and one which is safe to use and reliable in operation.

These and other objects will become more apparent from the following description and drawings in which like reference characters denote like parts throughout the several views. It is to be expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration only and are not a definition of the limits of the invention, reference being had vfor this purpose to the appended claims.

In the drawings:

FIGURE l is a sectional view of a portion of a stud driving tool incorporating certain features of the invention and showing the hand grip moved to one extreme position with respect to the guide tube to open the cartridge chamber for loading;

FIGURE 2 Vis a view similar to FIGURE 1 and showing the hand grip moved relative to the guide tube to a tiring position where it provides a breech block overlying the cartridge chamber;

FIGURE 3 is a view similar to FIGURES l and 2 showing a modified construction in Which the firing pin is positioned in the guide tube housing;

FIGURE 4 is a similar view of a modied construction in which the cartridge is loaded Vinto and supported by the recoil mechanism;

FIGURE 5 is a view similar to FIGURE 4 showing the cartridge chamber closed by moving the hand grip to firing position;

FIGURE 6 is a view similar to FIGURES 4 and 5 showing the movement of the recoil mechanism and the ejection of the empty cartridge shell into a receiver;

FIGURE 7 is a view similar to FIGURES 4 to 6 showing a modified construction in which a part of the firing mechanism is located in the recoil mechanism;

FIGURE 8 is a similar view of a modified construc- 3,286,899 Patented Nov. 22, 1966 ICE tion showing the cartridge supported in a driver for the stud;

FIGURE 9 is a similar view of a modified construction having mechanism vfor adjusting a driver to accommodate studs of different lengths;

FIGURE 10 is a view similar to FIGURE 9 showing the hand grip moved relative to the guide tube to a firing position; and

FIGURE 11 is a view similar to FIGURES 9 and 10 showing the relationship of the parts after tiring and the movement of the recoil mechanism to eject an empty shell into a receiver.

Referring now to the drawings, FIGURES 1 to 4 illustrate the subject matter of the invention schematically. In this embodiment, the breech block 1a is in the form of a sleeve and incorporated in the hand grip 1 and is mounted for sliding movement along the guide tube 2 through which a stud is driven. The cartridge chamber 3 is located in the guide tube 2 and into which a cartridge 4 is introduced from the side. The cartridge chamber 3 is so located along the guide tube 2 that the gas pressure produced by combustion of the explosive propellant acts on the movable piston 5 and the damping mass of a recoil mechanism 6. The bottom of the cartridge 4 bears against the breech block formed as a part of the grip 1 in the particular embodiment to oppose movement of the cartridge. The closing of the breech can be effected after introduction of the cartridge 4 by sliding the grip 1 longitudinally of the guide tube 2 -until it engages the stop 7. When the part 5 to 'be driven, which can be a stud or nail, has been loaded, the tool is ready for tiring. When tired the explosion gases may act directly on the part to be driven as in the case of a gun or indirectly through a thrust piston'which is arranged as power-transmitting element between the stud and the combustion chamber.

In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 which is a preferred embodiment insofar as the entire tiring mechanism is concerned, the tiring mechanism including the firing pin 8 is shown arranged in the hand grip 1. The position of the cartridge chamber 3 with its axis oblique and preferably at right angles to the axis of the barrel is also to be considered a preferred arrangement.

If desired, at least part of the tiring mechanism including also the tiring pin 8, can be arranged in the guide tube as shown in FIGURE 3.

It is essential in accordance With the invention to load the cartridge without taking the tool apart or swinging a part of the tool to an open position and that the closing of the breech can be effected, even in the case of a movable cartridge chamber, by a breech block which is movable with respect to the guide tube. Advantageously the axis of movement of the breech block and grip on which it is mounted should coincide with or be parallel to the axis of the barrel.

Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIGS. 4-7. In this embodiment, the cartridge chamber 3 is arranged in the recoil mechanism 6, and the housing 2 has a slot 9 overlying the cartridge chamber. The breech block 10 (a part of the grip 1) is also movable relative to the housing 2 and preferably in a direction parallel to the axis of the barrel. The breech block 10 projects into the slot 9 of the housing 2 in such a manner that after longitudinal displacement has 'been effected the cartridge chamber 3 is completely closed off. The entire firing mechanism, including the tiring pin 8 is preferably arranged in the breech block 10. In addition, the breech block contains a receiver 11, into which the cartridge 4 is ejected after the shot.

The advantages produced Iby the driving tool in accordance with the invention can be noted from the drawings (FIGS. 1-7). In the apparatus shown in FIGS. l3 the fastening element l(not shown) can be introduced into the barrel or guide tube 2 from the front thereof and the cartridge 4 can be introduced into the tool from the side.

When the tool is to be red to drive a stud, the car tridge chamber?) is closed by longitudinal displacement of the grip 1 and breech block thereofwhereby the tool is made ready to shoot. In the case of the tool of FIGS. 4 to 7, the fastening element (not shown) is inserted from the front into the barrel and a cartridge 4 is introduced into the open cartridge chamber from the side. The cartridge chamber 3 is closed and thus the tool is made ready to fire by longitudinal displacement of the grip 1 on which the breech block 10 is located. The gas pressure produced upon combustion of the propellant drives the element 5 in the 4direction of the muzzle of the barrel and .the recoil mechanism 6 is driven in the opposite direction. The actuation of the recoil mechanism 6 moves the cartridge chamber 3 into alignment with the receiver 11 and the empty cartridge shell is forced into the receiver by the residual gas pressure in the combustion chamber.

In a further embodiment of the invention, illustrated in FIG. 8, the cartridge chamber 3 is located in the movable piston 5. The piston'S has a stepped-down section 12 and in the end thereof there is a suitable recess (not shown) to receive an anchoring stud.

Another feature of the invention resides in the displaceable breech block which provides a safety. This is indicated schematically in FIGS. 4-11 by the spring 13, which when the breech block 10 is pushed down against the tension of the spring to the position for tiring, the front end of the housing bears against the part into which the stud is to be driven before the tool can be red.

Instead of the spring 13, other means can also be used 1 as a safety device, which are so connected with the breech 'block (preferably together with the grip) that the safety is only unlocked when the breech block 10 has been raised and the ready-for-ring position has been reached.

In the case of a thrust piston type of tool in which the stud (not shown) is placed on the material to be pierced, and the thrust piston 5, 12 (FIG. 8) engages the stud or nail, it is necessary to vary the distance between the material to be bombarded and the combustion space in accordance with the length of the specific stud or nail. This adjustment in length is made possible in accordance with the present invention by a stop 7 which can be moved along the housing and then fastened thereto by a screw 14 (FIG.` 8). A slot 9 is provided which is suiciently long that a corresponding closing position (ready-to-irel position) can be brought about for any desired length of stud.

Longitudinal adjustment to accommodate studs of different lengths can also be automatically obtained in accordance with the embodiment illustrated in FIGURES 9 to 11. In this embodiment, the grip 1 bears the breech block 10 which is also displaceable along the guide tube 2 as in the previously described constructions, and its movement along the guide tube controlled. A toothed-detent 15 is arranged in the breech block 10 and is pressed inwardly by a spring 17. A pin 16 is positioned between the toothed detent 15 and the recoil mechanism 6 and is pressed toward the latter by the spring 17. An extension 18 of the grip projects through the slot 9 into housing 2. By means ofthe tension spring 19, the recoil mechanism 6 is held against theextension 18 of the grip. The cartridge chamber 3 is located in the recoil mechanism 6. After the introduction of a stud 20 into the muzzle of the barrel, the point of the stud 20 is placed against the ma- 4 1 terial to be bombarded. When the grip 1 is slid forward,

the extension 18 connected thereto moves away from the 1 recoil mechanism 6 and tensions the ,spring 19. Pin 16 1 slides along the recoil mechanism during the sliding movement of the grip to a ready-to-fire position where the firing pin 8 is aligned with the cartridge 4.

When the breech block has been moved to a ready-tore position, the pin 16 enters into a recessI in the recoil 1 mechanism 6, whereby the detent 15 is moved forwardly by spring 17 into engagement with rack 21 which prevents any additional relative movement. When the shot is made, the thrust piston 23 is driven by the1 gas pressure in the direction towards the mouth of the barrel and the re.- Cartridge 1 4 is automatically ejected into the collector 11 in the same 1 coil mechanism 6 in the opposite direction.

manner as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 114-7. The recoil mechanism 6 is decelerated bythe tension spring 19 and thereafter brought back by the spring to its1 initial position. In this position, the locked rack 21 and detent 15 are released by pin 16 which cams the detent115 l rearwardly at the edge of the recess 22 so that the grip 1 can be easily moved along the guide tube 2.1

The coupling of the grip 31 and guide tube 2 after the ready-to-ire position has been reached is advantageous,

since in this way the withdrawal of the tool during ,shoot-1 ing can be prevented. As will be observed in FIGURES 1 9 and 10 the spring 13 immediately withdraws the breech Iblock 1a from firing position when pressure on the hand 1 grip 1 is released so that the cartridge cannot be fired, nor 1 a stud ejected, unless the tool is pressed rmly against the receiving material.

The assurance that a cartridge will be automatically ejected can be increased by mounting a double-armed 1 ejection lever 24 in the recoil mechanism 6 (FIGURE 1l),

one end of which partially surrounds the bottom of the 1 cartridge 4, while the other lever arm has an elevation 25. Upon movement of the recoil mechanism during ring, the elevation 25 strikes against the edge 26 of the housing and presses the lever 24 down, whereby the oppo- 1 site lever arm is raised and in this manner assists the 1 automatic ejection of the empty cartridge shell.

In order to increase the damping of the recoil mecha; nism 6 which is moved rearward with considerable force upon the explosion of the cartridge 4, a part of the propel. lant gases can be conducted via the channel 27 (FIG-.1

URE 7) into the closed space 28.

What is claimed is:

1. A stud setting tool for driving anchoring means into 11 solid receiving material by means of propellant gases pro- 1 duced by a cartridge of explosive and comprising a guide tube, a movable piston in the guide tube on which the propellant gases act, a cartridge chamberat one side of the tool and having an opening communicating with the end 1 of the piston in the guide tube, a breech block in the form of a sleeve surrounding the guide tube and open at 1 opposite ends for Asliding movement on the guide tube 1 longitudinally thereof froman open to closed cartridgel 1 chamber positions, stop ymeans comprising a shoulder on the guide tube to limit the longitudinal movement of the 1 breech block along the guide tube at the breech closing 1 positions, a spring between the breech lblock and1guide 1 tube for opposing said sliding movement of the breech block to cartridge chamber closing position wherebyA the 1 breech block is yieldingly actuated to open Athe cartridge 1 chamber and movable againstthe action of the spring to 1 close the cartridge chamber.

2. A setting tool according to claim 11 in which the 1 cartridge chamber is located in the wall of the guide tube. 3. A setting tool according to claim 1 in which a recoil mechanism is provided in the guide tube, and said car-1 5 Y 6 5. A setting tool according to claim 1 in which the References Cited by the Examiner guide tube is provided with a window recess through which the cartridge chamber may be loaded with a car- UNITED STATES PATENTS tridge. 2,872,682 2/1959 Maier 227-10 6. A Setting tool according t0 Claim 1 ill which a pistol 5 3 Haskell et al. grip is provided on the breech block.

7. A setting tool according to claim 1 in which the stop FOREIGN PATENTS means are adjustable.

8. A setting tool according to claim 1 in which a recoil 907,815 7/ 1945 Franc@- mechanism is provided in the guide tube, and the movable 10 l piston is slidably supported in the recoil mechanism. GRANVILLE Y CUSTER, JR Plmlly Exmlflef- 

1. A STUD SETTING TOOL FOR DRIVING ANCHORING MEANS INTO SOLID RECEIVING MATERIAL BY MEANS OF PROPELLANT GASES PRODUCED BY A CARTRIDGE OF EXPLOSIVE AND COMPRISING A GUIDE TUBE, A MOVABLE PISTON IN THE GUIDE TUBE ON WHICH THE PROPELLANT GASES ACT, A CARTRIDGE CHAMBER AT ONE SIDE OF THE TOOL AND HAVING AN OPENING COMMUNCIATING WITH THE END OF THE PISTON IN THE GUIDE TUBE, A BREECH BLOCK IN THE FORM OF A SLEEVE SURROUNDING THE GUIDE TUBE AND OPEN AT OPPOSITE ENDS FOR SLIDING MOVEMENT ON THE GUIDE TUBE LONGITUDINALLY THEREOF FROM AN OPEN TO CLOSED CARTRIDGE CHAMBER POSITIONS, STOP MEANS COMPRISING A SHOULDER ON THE GUIDE TO LIMIT THE LONGITUDINAL MOVEMENT OF THE BREECH BLOCK ALONG THE GUIDE TUBE AT THE BREECH CLOSING POSITIONS, A SPRING BETWEEN THE BREECH BLOCK AND GUIDE TUBE FOR OPPOSING SAID SLIDING MOVEMENT OF THE BREECH BLOCK TO CARTRIDGE CHAMBER CLOSING POSITION WHEREBY THE BREECH BLOCK IS YIELDINGLY ACTUATED TO OPEN THE CARTRIDGE CHAMBER AND MOVABLE AGAINST THE ACTION OF THE SPRING TO CLOSE THE CARTRIDGE CHAMBER. 